KHIKA App for Sophos Firewall

Introduction

Most of the network devices, such as firewalls, switches, routers, web proxies etc send the traffic and user activity related information in the form of logs over syslog protocol. Some applications such as Oracle database server, Symantec antivirus server, EMC SAN Storage etc also support syslog protocol as syslog is very efficient and simple to integrate with. KHIKA Data Aggregator is pre-configured with syslog services on port 514. The key parts to get here are :

1. Enabling Syslog forwarding on the device
2. Install the KHIKA App for Sophos Firewall
3. Get data from your Sophos_Firewall into KHIKA Aggregator

Enabling Syslog forwarding on the device

Please refer the following steps for enabling syslogs on your sophos firewall device.

   1. Login into firewall UI using admin credential.
   2. Go to "System Services" from the left menu.
   3. Click on "Log Settings" tab.
   4. Click on "Add" button

   5. Enter the detail info
      Name : <khika_server>
      IP Address / Domain : <khika_aggregator_ip>
      Port : 514
      Facility : LOCAL1
      Severity Level : Information
      Format : Device Standard Format

   6. Go to "Log Settings" section. And checked for the required log types.

   7. Click on "Apply" button. below pop-up appears.

Verifying SYSLOG data collection

After you enable the syslog forwarding on the end device, you must verify if the logs are being really received by KHIKA Data Aggregator. Please refer here to understand how to verify syslogs on KHIKA Data Aggregator.

How to Install the KHIKA App for Sophos Firewall?

It is assumed, that you have already configured KHIKA Data Aggregator in your environment. If not, please read how to configure KHIKA Data Aggregator and perform the pre-requisite steps.

This section explains how to pick and install the KHIKA application for Sophos Firewall. Installing the application shall put together and activate the adapter (parser) that can handle Sophos Firewall data format, the dashboards, and the alert rules preconfigured.

Go to the “Applications” tab in the “Configure” menu.

Check whether the appropriate Workspace is selected. Note: Application is always loaded in a Workspace. Read the section KHIKA Workspaces to know more about KHIKA Workspaces. Also select your KHIKA aggregator name in the Node dropdown. This is to ensure that we are collecting data from the desired source and into the correct workspace which is ready with the configured application and components.

Click on the “+” button. A pop up appears.

User can now select the contents of the application required. For example, on the dropdown for “Reports”, click to expand it. List of all reports can be seen. User can individually select the reports required by checking on the checkbox next to each. Alternatively, check on “Select All” option to get all of them. Similarly you can select contents from Alerts and Dashboards.

Visit the sections on KHIKA Reports, KHIKA Dashboards, KHIKA Alerts & Correlations to know more about these topics.

Click “OK” to proceed with the installation of the selected Application. After successful installation, following status should be displayed :

This simple procedure to install a KHIKA App, automatically configures the Adapter (required for parsing the data from raw syslogs), calculated KHIKA reports on raw data, Visualizations, Dashboards and Alerts – all in one click.

Adding the device in the Adaptor

After syslogs are enabled on the device and the App is installed into KHIKA, it is the time to add the device to the this App (in Adapter section of KHIKA Web GUI). Please refer here to know how to add the device to an App. After making these configuration in KHIKA, you must apply these changes to the Workspace. Go to Configure, select the Workspace and in Workspace tab of configure menu press the Apply button as shown in the screenshot below.

How to check the output of KHIKA Sophos Firewall App ?

Discovering the logs of Sophos Firewall

After doing all the steps given above, we should start receiving live data into KHIKA. Go to "Discover" section in KHIKA GUI and select the index with name "*raw-sophos_firewall*". Note that the index has a prefix of the customer name and workspace name. After selecting this index, you should see the live data coming in. Spend some time understanding this data and the fields of the data.

Sophos Firewall Malicious Communication Dashboard

Go to "Dashboards" from the left menu. From the list of in-built dashboards, select this one. It shall open the Dashboard. This dashboard focuses on the malicious communications in the Sophos Firewall(which are added into KHIKA). Details like KHIKA shares community based threat intelligence and detect bad IP's, Those bad Source IP/Destination IP communicate with internal IP which is shown in an analytical fashion. You can filter and search for information and create new ones too. For help with Dashboards, click here

Elements in the Dashboard are explained below :

Elements in "Sophos Firewall Malicious Communication" Dashboard

Visualization	Description
Daily Trend	Trend of malicious communication over time. Useful to identify unusual spikes at a glance. X axis : date & time Y axis : count of events
Malicious IP wise status	X axis : all the Malicious IP addresses which communicate with device Y axis : stacked of the status of connection. Example allow, deny, accepted, etc. and count of events occurred.
Contribution of User	Contribution of Users which communicate with malicious IP.
Contribution of Status	Contribution of the status of connection. Example allow, deny, accepted, etc
Source IP wise status	X axis : all the Source IP addresses which initiate the connection Y axis : stacked of the status of connection and count of events occurred.
Destination IP wise status	X axis : all the Destination IP addresses which communicate to malicious IP Y axis : stacked of the status of connection and count of events occurred.
Summary Table	Detailed data with timestamp and count

Suggestion for useful interaction with this dashboard could be :

1. Click on the highest communicated malicious IP in the "Malicious IP wise status" bar chart. This gets selected and a filter for selected malicious IP is applied across the rest of the dashboard. The next two pie charts shall show then, the "user" which communicates with this IP and "status" of the connection. In the next two bar shall show Source IP and Destination IP for selected malicious communication. Details of selected malicious IP can be seen in the summary table. How to remove this filter is explained here
2. Examine the time trend, for a higher number of malicious communication events. Rest of the dashboard also gets filtered and we can isolate – all the source IPs and Destination IPs which initiate a malicious communication in bar charts and all malicious IPs and connections status of communication for the selected time range. Details of all activities in the selected time range can be seen in the summary table.

Sophos Firewall Admin Activities Dashboard

Go to "Dashboards" from the left menu. From the list of in-built dashboards, select this one. It shall open the Dashboard. This dashboard focuses on the login activity of admin users in the Sophos Firewall. Details like which user logged in how many times, authentication information, Configuration changes, etc. are shown in an analytical fashion. You can filter and search information and create new ones too. For help with Dashboards, click here

Elements in the Dashboard are explained below :

Elements in "Sophos Firewall Admin Activities" Dashboard

Visualization	Description
Daily Trend	Trend of login events over time. Useful to identify unusual spikes at a glance. X axis : date & time Y axis : count of events
Contribution of Source IP	Contribution of Source IP Address where admin user logged in.
User wise status bar chart	X axis : user name Y axis : stacked of the status of login/configuration changed and count of events occurred.
Summary Table	Detailed data with timestamp and count

A suggestion for useful interaction with this dashboard could be :

1. Examine the time trend, for a higher number of events. Rest of the dashboard also gets filtered and we can isolate – all the source IP's where admin users are logged in from "Contribution of Source IP" pie chart and Users, the status of executed action in next bar chart. Details of all activities in the selected time range can be seen in the summary table.

Sophos Firewall Login Activities Dashboard

Go to "Dashboards" from the left menu. From the list of in-built dashboards, select this one. It shall open the Dashboard. This dashboard focuses on the login activity of all users in the Sophos Firewall. Details like which user logged in how many times, authentication information, etc. is shown in an analytical fashion.

You can filter and search information and create new ones too. For help with Dashboards, click here

Elements in the Dashboard are explained below :

Elements in "Sophos Firewall Login Activities" Dashboard

Visualization	Description
Daily Trend	Trend of login events over time. Useful to identify unusual spikes at a glance. X axis : date & time Y axis : count of events
User name wise status	X axis : user name Y axis : stacked of the status of login/configuration changed and the count of events occurred.
Contribution of status	successful/failed authentication status
Contribution of Group Name	Contribution of the user group. every user belongs to one or many user groups.
Source IP wise status	X axis : Source IP Y Axis : stacked of the count of successful/failed events for various IP address
Summary Table	Detailed data with timestamp and count

Some suggestions for useful interaction with this dashboard could be :

1. Click on User Group in the “Contribution of Group Name” pie chart. The rest of the dashboard gets filtered and shows only detail information about selected "User Group" events. So we can isolate - Users are available in selected User Group and their login status in "User name wise status" bar chart.Also in "Source IP wise status" chart we can see source IP's where users are logged in.

Sophos Firewall VPN activity Dashboard

Go to "Dashboards" from the left menu. From the list of in-built dashboards, select this one. It shall open the Dashboard. This report summarizes Sophos Firewall VPN activity details. it shows bandwidth utilization, accessed server by VPN users, etc.

You can filter and search information and create new ones too. For help with Dashboards, click here

Elements in the Dashboard are explained below :

Elements in "Sophos Firewall VPN activity" Dashboard

Visualization	Description
Daily Trend	Trend of VPN login events over time. Useful to identify unusual spikes at a glance. X axis : date & time Y axis : count of events
Contribution of VPN Users	contribution of the VPN users which are logged using VPN
Contribution of Status	contribution of allow/deny status of VPN connection.
Source IP wise hits	X axis : Top 10 Source IP where users have logged in using VPN Y axis : Number of hits from Source IP
Hostname wise User	X axis : Top 10 Destination IP IP where users have logged in using VPN Y axis : Number of hits from Destination IP
Summary Table	Detailed data with timestamp and count

Some suggestions for useful interaction with this dashboard could be :

1. Click on a particular user in the “Contribution of VPN User” pie chart. You can monitor all the activities of this VPN user.
2. Alternately, Examine the time trend, for highest bandwidth consumption. Rest of the dashboard also gets filtered and we can isolate – all the source IP's where VPN users are logged in and Destination IP(VPN user access this server) from bar chart and which Users used more bandwidth, also the status of connection in the pie chart. Details of all VPN connections in the selected time range filter can be seen in the summary table.

Sophos Firewall Alerts

Alerts are generated when certain critical behavior is observed in the system. Alerts can be monitored in real-time on Alerts Dashboard in KHIKA. Relevant stakeholders can also receive the alerts via emails. The table below explains all the pre-canned alerts shipped with KHIKA App for Fortigate firewall.

Alerts Description

Alert Details Table

Alert Name	Description	Suggested Resolution
Sophos firewall host scan attack	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from the same Source IP and Destination IP using different destination port, within one minute	An attacker tries to spray connection requests on multiple popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) targeting one single IP addresses at a time with an intention to find the open ports on the target IP address. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle. Unless it is a known and legitimate IP address performing the scan, it is important to block this IP. You may white list the known IP addresses (such as designated Vulnerability Scanner, Asset Discovery Tools etc), so as to suppress the false positives.
Sophos firewall sweep scan attack	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from the same source IP to various Destination IP's, within one minute. This IP address need not be malicious as per KHIKA threat intelligence.	An attacker tries to spray connection requests on one of the popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) on multiple IP addresses with an intention to find which ports are opened on what IP addresses. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle. Unless it is a known and legitimate IP address performing scan, it is important to block this IP. You may white list the known IP addresses (such as designated Vulnerability Scanner, Asset Discovery Tools etc), so as to suppress the false positives.
Sophos firewall backdoor traffic detected	This alert is triggered when connection happens on uncommon and vulnerable Destination ports like 3127,3198,6129,7080	This event indicates that a traffic is generated from internal machine on vulnerable ports(3127,3198,6129,7080). Typically, these ports are used by attacker to exploit vulnerable programs listening on these ports. Check is these ports are open and on what servers. Do you really need these ports opened? Check what programs are running on these ports. Check vulnerability reports of the applications Block these ports for external traffic, unless mandatory to keep them opened. If you have to keep any of these ports opened, try to restrict the access to legitimate IPs. If you get a suspicious IP repetitively trying to access these port, block the IP. Check the reputation of the IP on popular website such as ipvoid.com, virustotal.com etc.
Sophos firewall host scan activity by malicious ip	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connection attempts happen from the same malicious IP using different destination port targeting a single destination host, within one minute	Bad ip address tries to spray connection requests on multiple popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) targeting one single IP address at a time with an intention to find the open ports on the target IP address. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle. It is important to check the reputation of the external ip address and block the same if necessary.
Sophos firewall successful host scan activity by malicious ip	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from the same malicious IP and status is deny followed by a successful login status using different destination port, within one minute.	Bad ip address tries to spray connection requests on multiple popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) targeting one single IP addresses at a time with an intention to find the open ports on the target IP address. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle and attacker done successful connection on open ports It is important to check the reputation of the external ip address and block the same if necessary. It is also important to verify the sanity of affected internal nodes by checking if any unwarranted system policy change or software configuration/updates have occurred during the affected time period. If required, quarantine the affected servers till the time the issues are resolved.
Sophos firewall successful host scan activity	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from the same Source and Destination IP and status is deny followed by a successful login status using different destination port, within one minute.	Attacker tries to spray connection requests on multiple popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) targeting one single IP addresses at a time with an intention to find the open ports on the target IP address. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle and attacker done successful connection on open ports It is important to check the reputation of the suspected ip address. If the suspected ip address is external, you may consider blocking it. If the suspected ip address is internal, you may need to verify the sanity of the corresponding device It is also important to verify the sanity of affected internal nodes by checking if any unwarranted system policy change or software configuration/updates have occured during the affected time period. If required, quarantine the affected servers till the time the issues are resolved. This may be a false positive.
Sophos firewall communication with possible IOC or bad IP	This alert is triggered when a suspicious IP is communicating with internal IP	KHIKA shares community based threat intelligence (TI) every 24 hours. TI has list of IP addresses with bad reputation. Every bad IP is marked with number of communities reporting it, name of each community and confidence indicating how confident are we about the reputation. This alert is generated when communication with a bad IP is let through. If communication with a bad IP is happening, it must be blocked immediately as it could be a possible attack or data exfiltration. You can check how log this communication is happening by simply searching the malicious IP in the logs. You can also check what internal IP addresses are communicating with this IP addresses and track the real users behind those internal IP addresses. Cross-check the reputation of the IP with popular websites such as ipvoid.com, virustotal.com If you see an internal IP constantly getting involved in malicious communication (with same or multiple external IP addresses), you may install agents on the internal nodes involved and check the real user and process responsible for this communication. It is critical to block this rogue communication.
Sophos firewall large data sent outside	This alert is triggered when large data is sent to the external IP Address.	Large amount of data being sent to an external network could be an indication of data exfiltration. Check with the user or process which is responsible for the data being sent out and whether it was done for legitimate business reasons. This could be a false positive.
Sophos firewall sweep scan attack by malicious ip	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connection attempts happen from the same malicious IP targeting different Destination IP's, within one minute	Bad ip addresses tries to spray connection requests on one of the popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) on multiple IP addresses with an intention to find which ports are opened on what IP addresses. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle. It is important to check the reputation of the external ip address and block the same if necessary.
Sophos firewall successful sweep scan activity	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connection attempts happen from the same Source IP and status is 'deny' followed by a successful connection with status 'accept/allow' where Destination IPs are unique and all appening within one minute.	Attacker tries to spray connection requests on one of the popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) on multiple IP addresses with an intention to find which ports are opened on what IP addresses. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle and attacker done successful connection on one of ip addresses It is important to check the reputation of the suspected ip address. If the suspected ip address is external, you may consider blocking it. If the suspected ip address is internal, you may need to verify the sanity of the corresponding device It is also important to verify the sanity of affected internal nodes by checking if any unwarranted system policy change or software configuration/updates have occurred during the affected time period. If required, quarantine the affected servers till the time the issues are resolved.\nThis may be a false positive.
Sophos firewall successful sweep scan activity by malicious ip	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connection attempts happen from same 'malicious IP' and status is 'deny', followed by a successful connection where status is 'accept'. This all has to happen on unique Destination IPs, within one minute	Bad ip address tries to spray connection requests on one of the popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) on multiple IP addresses with an intention to find which ports are opened on what IP addresses. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle and attacker finds open port on one of ip addresses and is able to establish a connection. It is important to check the reputation of the external ip address and block the same if necessary. It is also important to verify the sanity of affected internal nodes by checking if any unwarranted system policy change or software configuration/updates have occurred during the affected time period. If required, quarantine the affected servers till the time the issues are resolved.