KHIKA App for Sophos Firewall

Introduction

Most of the network devices, such as firewalls, switches, routers, web proxies etc send the traffic and user activity related information in the form of logs over syslog protocol. Some applications such as Oracle database server, Symantec antivirus server, EMC SAN Storage etc also support syslog protocol as syslog is very efficient and simple to integrate with. KHIKA Data Aggregator is pre-configured with syslog services on port 514. The key parts to get here are :

1. Enabling Syslog forwarding on the device
2. Install the KHIKA App for Sophos Firewall
3. Get data from your Sophos_Firewall into KHIKA Aggregator

Enabling Syslog forwarding on the device

You must configure the network device (or the end node) to send its logs to KHIKA Data Aggregator by providing IP address of Data Aggregator and port 514 so that the device can send its logs to KHIKA syslog service. (Please refer the documentation of individual device/vendor/OEM to understand how to configure remote syslogging for the device. Many vendors support web based configuration these days and some vendors support command based configurations)

How to Install the KHIKA App for <APPLICATION NAME>?

It is assumed, that you have already configured KHIKA Data Aggregator in your environment. If not, please read how to configure KHIKA Data Aggregator and perform the pre-requisite steps.

This section explains how to pick and install the KHIKA application for <APPLICATION NAME> . Installing the application shall put together and activate the adapter (parser) that can handle <APPLICATION NAME> data format, the dashboards and the alert rules preconfigured.

Go to “Applications” tab in the “Configure” menu.

Check whether the appropriate Workspace is selected. Note: Application is always loaded in a Workspace. Read the section on Workspaces to know more about KHIKA Workspaces. Also select your KHIKA aggregator name in the Node dropdown. This is to ensure that we are collecting data from the desired source and into the correct workspace which is ready with the configured application and components.

Click on the “+” button. A pop up appears.

User can now select the contents of the application required. For example, on the dropdown for “Reports”, click to expand it. List of all reports can be seen. User can individually select the reports required by checking on the checkbox next to each. Alternatively, check on “Select All” option to get all of them. Similarly you can select contents from Alerts and Dashboards.

What are KHIKA Reports What are KHIKA Dashboards What are KHIKA Alerts

Click “OK” to proceed with the installation of the selected Application. After successful installation, following status should be displayed :

This simple procedure to install a KHIKA App, automatically configures the Adapter (required for parsing the data from raw syslogs), calculated KHIKA reports on raw data, Visualizations, Dashboards and Alerts – all in one click.

How to get your <APPLICATION NAME> into KHIKA ?

KHIKA recommends, popular syslog forwarding to monitor the <APPLICATION NAME>. You must configure the network device (or the end node) to send its logs to KHIKA Data Aggregator by providing IP address of Data Aggregator and port 514 so that the device can send its logs to KHIKA syslog service. (Please refer the documentation of individual device/vendor/OEM to understand how to configure remote syslogging for the device. Many vendors support web based configuration these days and some vendors support command based configurations)

NOTE: You will have to repeat these steps on each of the <APPLICATION NAME> that you wish to monitor using KHIKA.

Adding the device in the Adaptor

Go to Adapter tab in the “Configure” menu. Next to our “<adapter name>”, click on the “Manage Devices” icon.

Pop up appears for device details

Click on “Add / Modify Device” tab. Another pop up appears for device details.

Enter the expected device name and IP Address. Select appropriate time zone of this device. In the “Node” field dropdown, select the name of the Aggregator or local data collector for this device.

Click on Submit. We get a success message and the <APPLICATION NAME> server is added successfully to this adaptor.

Verifying SYSLOG data collection

Once the device is added successfully, we can check the data for this device on Discover screen. Go to “Discover” from the main menu. Select the appropriate index for the same. Raw (khika formatted) data of all your <APPLICATION NAME> added in KHIKA so far, is seen here.

To see the data for our newly added device, enter search string in lower case – tl_src_host : name_of_the_device_added_in_lower_case and click on the search icon. and click on the search icon.

How to check the output of KHIKA Sophos Firewall App ?

Sophos Firewall Malicious Communication Dashboard

Go to "Dashboards" from the left menu. From the list of in-built dashboards, select this one. It shall open the Dashboard. This dashboard focuses on the malicious communications in the Sophos Firewall(which are added into KHIKA). Details like KHIKA shares community based threat intelligence and detect bad IP's,which bad source ip/Destination ip communication with you etc. is shown in an analytical fashion. You can filter and search information and create new ones too. For help with Dashboards, click here

Elements in the Dashboard are explained below :

Elements in "Sophos Firewall Malicious Communication" Dashboard

Visualization	Description
Daily Trend	Trend of malicious communication over time. Useful to identify unusual spikes at a glance. X axis : date & time Y axis : count of events
Malicious IP wise status bar graph	X axis : all the Malicious IP addresses which communicate with device Y axis : stacked in each bar (Status) status of connection Example allow,deny,accepted etc. and count of events occurred.
Contribution of User pie chart	Contribution of Users which are communicate with malicious IP.
Contribution of Status pie chart	Contribution of status of connection.Example allow,deny,accepted etc
Source IP wise status bar graph	X axis : all the Source IP addresses which initiate the connection Y axis : stacked in each bar (Status) status of connection and count of events occurred.
Destination IP wise status bar graph	X axis : all the Dectination IP addresses which communicate to malicious IP Y axis : stacked in each bar (Status) status of connection and count of events occurred.
Summary Table	Detailed data with timestamp and count

Suggestion for useful interaction with this dashboard could be :

1. Click on highest communicated malicious ip in the Malicious IP wise status bar chart. This gets selected and a filter for selected malicious IP is applied across the rest of the dashboard. The next two pie shall show then the user which are communicate with this IP and status of connection. and then next two bar shall show source IP and destination IP . Details of selected malicious IP can be seen in the summary table. How to remove this filter is explained here

Sophos Firewall Admin Activities Dashboard

Go to "Dashboards" from the left menu. From the list of in-built dashboards, select this one. It shall open the Dashboard.This dashboard focuses on the login activity of admin users in the Sophos Firewall. Details like which user logged in how many times, authentication information, Configuration changes etc. is shown in an analytical fashion. You can filter and search information and create new ones too. For help with Dashboards, click here

Elements in the Dashboard are explained below :

Elements in "Sophos Firewall Admin Activities" Dashboard

Visualization	Description
Daily Trend	Trend of login events over time. Useful to identify unusual spikes at a glance. X axis : date & time Y axis : count of events
Contribution of Source IP pie chart	Contribution of Source IP Address where admin user logged in.
User wise status bar chart	X axis : user name Y axis : stacked in each bar (status) the status of login/configuration changed and count of events occurred.
Summary Table	Detailed data with timestamp and count

A suggestion for useful interaction with this dashboard could be :

1. Examine the time trend, for higher number of events. Rest of the dashboard also gets filtered and we can isolate – all the source IP's where admin users are logged in from "Contribution of Source IP" pie chart and Users and status of executed action in next bar chart.Details of all activiteies in selected time range can be seen in the summary table.

Sophos Firewall Login Activities Dashboard

Go to "Dashboards" from the left menu. From the list of in-built dashboards, select this one. It shall open the Dashboard. This dashboard focuses on the login activity of all users in the Sophos Firewall. Details like which user logged in how many times, authentication information, etc. is shown in an analytical fashion.

You can filter and search information and create new ones too. For help with Dashboards, click here

Elements in the Dashboard are explained below :

Elements in "Sophos Firewall Login Activities" Dashboard

Visualization	Description
Time trend	Trend of login events over time. Useful to identify unusual spikes at a glance. X axis : date & time Y axis : count of events
User name wise status	X axis : user name Y axis : stacked in each bar (status) the status of login/configuration changed and count of events occurred.
Contribution of status pie chart	successful and failed authentication status
Contribution of Group Name pie chart	Contribution of user group.every user is belongs to one or many user groups.
Source IP wise status	X axis : Source IP Y Axis : stacked within each bar (status) the count of successful/failed events for various IP address
Summary Table	Detailed data with timestamp and count

Some suggestions for useful interaction with this dashboard could be :

1. Click on User Group in the “Contribution of Group Name” pie chart. The rest of the dashboard gets filtered and shows only deatail information about selected "User Group" events. So we can isolate - Users are available in selected User Group and their login status in User name wise status chart.also in "Source IP wise status" chart we can see source IP's where users are logged in.

Sophos Firewall VPN activity Dashboard

Go to "Dashboards" from the left menu. From the list of in-built dashboards, select this one. It shall open the Dashboard. This report summarizes Sophos Firewall VPN activity details. it shows bandwidth utilization , accessed server by VPN users etc.

You can filter and search information and create new ones too. For help with Dashboards, click here

Elements in the Dashboard are explained below :

Elements in "Sophos Firewall VPN activity" Dashboard

Visualization	Description
Time trend	Trend of vpn login events over time. Useful to identify unusual spikes at a glance. X axis : date & time Y axis : count of events
Contribution of VPN Users pie	contribution of the vpn users which are login using VPN
Contribution of Status	contribution of allow/deny status of VPN connection.
Source IP wise hits	X axis : Top 10 Source IP where users have logged in using VPN Y axis : Number of hits from Source IP
Hostname wise User	X axis : Top 10 Destination IP IP where users have logged in using VPN Y axis : Number of hits from Destination IP
Summary Table	Detailed data with timestamp and count

Some suggestions for useful interaction with this dashboard could be :

1. Click on a particular user in the “Contribution of VPN User” pie. You can monitor all the activities of this vpn user.
2. Alternately, Examine the time trend, for highest bandwidth consumption. Rest of the dashboard also gets filtered and we can isolate – all the source IP's where vpn users are logged and Destination IP(VPN user access this server) from bar chart and which Users used more bandwidth and status of connection in pie chart.Details of all VPN connections in selected time range filter can be seen in the summary table.

Linux Alerts

Alerts are generated when certain ciritical behaviour is observed in the system – real time and notified on the Alerts Dashboard in KHIKA as well as can be received in email to relevant stakeholders. The details of KHIKA Alerts are mentioned here Click on “Alert Dashboard” on left menu.

Certain alerts for Sophos Firewall are pre-canned and shipped with KHIKA, keeping in mind the requirements of the users. They are mentioned in the table below :

Alerts Description

Alert Details Table

Alert Name	Description	Suggested Resolution
Sophos firewall host scan attack	This is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from same Source and Destination IP using different destination port, within one minute	An attacker tries to spray connection requests on multiple popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) targeting one single IP addresses at a time with an intention to find the open ports on the target IP address. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle. Unless it is a known and legitimate IP address performing the scan, it is important to block this IP. You may white list the known IP addresses (such as designated Vulnerability Scanner, Asset Discovery Tools etc), so as to suppress the false positives.
Sophos firewall sweep scan attack	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from same source IP to various Destination IP's,within one minute	An attacker tries to spray connection requests on one of the popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) on multiple IP addresses with an intention to find which ports are opened on what IP addresses. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle. Unless it is a known and legitimate IP address performing scan, it is important to block this IP. You may white list the known IP addresses (such as designated Vulnerability Scanner, Asset Discovery Tools etc), so as to suppress the false positives.
Sophos firewall backdoor traffic detected	This alert is triggered when connection happened using vulnerable Destination ports like 3127,3198,6129,7080,within one minute	This event indicates that a traffic is generated from internal machine on vulnerable ports(3127,3198,6129,7080). Typically, these ports are used by attacker to exploit vulnerable programs listening on these ports. Check is these ports are open and on what servers. Do you really need these ports opened? Check what programs are running on these ports. Check vulnerability reports of the applications Block these ports for external traffic, unless mandatory to keep them opened. If you have to keep any of these ports opened, try to restrict the access to legitimate IPs. If you get a suspicious IP repetitively trying to access these port, block the IP. Check the reputation of the IP on popular website such as ipvoid.com, virustotal.com etc.
Sophos firewall host scan activity by malicious ip	This is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from same malicious IP using different destination port, within one minute	Bad ip address tries to spray connection requests on multiple popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) targeting one single IP address at a time with an intention to find the open ports on the target IP address. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle. It is important to check the reputation of the external ip address and block the same if necessary.
Sophos firewall successful host scan activity by malicious ip	Alert triggered when more than 10 connections happened from same malicious IP and status is deny followed by a successful login status using different destination port, within one minute	Bad ip address tries to spray connection requests on multiple popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) targeting one single IP addresses at a time with an intention to find the open ports on the target IP address. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle and attacker done successful connection on open ports It is important to check the reputation of the external ip address and block the same if necessary. It is also important to verify the sanity of affected internal nodes by checking if any unwarranted system policy change or software configuration/updates have occurred during the affected time period. If required, quarantine the affected servers till the time the issues are resolved.
Sophos firewall successful host scan activity	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from same Source and Destination IP and status is deny followed by successful login status using different destination port, within one minute	Attacker tries to spray connection requests on multiple popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) targeting one single IP addresses at a time with an intention to find the open ports on the target IP address. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle and attacker done successful connection on open ports It is important to check the reputation of the suspected ip address. If the suspected ip address is external, you may consider blocking it. If the suspected ip address is internal, you may need to verify the sanity of the corresponding device It is also important to verify the sanity of affected internal nodes by checking if any unwarranted system policy change or software configuration/updates have occured during the affected time period. If required, quarantine the affected servers till the time the issues are resolved. This may be a false positive.
Sophos firewall communication with possible IOC or bad IP	This alert is triggered when suspicious IP is communicate with internal IP	KHIKA shares community based threat intelligence (TI) every 24 hours. TI has list of IP addresses with bad reputation. Every bad IP is marked with number of communities reporting it, name of each community and confidence indicating how confident are we about the reputation. This alert is generated when communication with a bad IP is let through. If communication with a bad IP is happening, it must be blocked immediately as it could be a possible attack or data exfiltration. You can check how log this communication is happening by simply searching the malicious IP in the logs. You can also check what internal IP addresses are communicating with this IP addresses and track the real users behind those internal IP addresses. Cross-check the reputation of the IP with popular websites such as ipvoid.com, virustotal.com If you see an internal IP constantly getting involved in malicious communication (with same or multiple external IP addresses), you may install agents on the internal nodes involved and check the real user and process responsible for this communication. It is critical to block this rogue communication.
Sophos firewall large data sent outside	Alert triggered when large data is send to the external IP Address.	Large amount of data being sent to an external network could be an indication of data exfiltration. Check with the user or process which is responsible for the data being sent out and whether it was done for legitimate business reasons. This could be a false positive.
Sophos firewall sweep scan attack by malicious ip	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from same malicious IP using different Destination IP's, within one minute	Bad ip addresses tries to spray connection requests on one of the popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) on multiple IP addresses with an intention to find which ports are opened on what IP addresses. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle. It is important to check the reputation of the external ip address and block the same if necessary.
Sophos firewall successful sweep scan activity	This alert is triggered when more than 10 connections happened from same Source and Destination IP and status is deny followed by successful login status using different Destination IP, within one minute	Attacker tries to spray connection requests on one of the popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) on multiple IP addresses with an intention to find which ports are opened on what IP addresses. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle and attacker done successful connection on one of ip addresses It is important to check the reputation of the suspected ip address. If the suspected ip address is external, you may consider blocking it. If the suspected ip address is internal, you may need to verify the sanity of the corresponding device It is also important to verify the sanity of affected internal nodes by checking if any unwarranted system policy change or software configuration/updates have occurred during the affected time period. If required, quarantine the affected servers till the time the issues are resolved.\nThis may be a false positive.
Sophos firewall successful sweep scan activity by malicious ip	Alert triggered when more than 10 connections happened from same malicious IP and status is deny followed by a successful login status using different Destination IP, within one minute	Bad ip address tries to spray connection requests on one of the popular ports (21,22,53,80,443 etc) on multiple IP addresses with an intention to find which ports are opened on what IP addresses. Typically, scan attempt is the first stage of reconnaissance in the attack life cycle and attacker finds open port on one of ip addresses and is able to establish a connection. It is important to check the reputation of the external ip address and block the same if necessary. It is also important to verify the sanity of affected internal nodes by checking if any unwarranted system policy change or software configuration/updates have occurred during the affected time period. If required, quarantine the affected servers till the time the issues are resolved.